What I notice is that most of the people on the Internet who are into heterodox economic views remain very bearish. My buddy, and long time Diary of a Republican Hater reader Nanute-a fellow liberal-remains bearish. One of my favorite bloggers out there, Woj, is something of a permabear. I can't find many bulls. Here's Woj:
" I think we will see a bear market within the next 2-3 years that brings the
S&P 500 back into triple digits. History is also on our side since few bull
markets have lasted more than 4 years (where we are now)."
http://bubblesandbusts.blogspot.com/2013/01/corporate-revenues-fail-to-keep-pace.html
As Woj says, history is on the side of bears as roughly for ever 5 up years you get about 3 down years in the market. We are in the 4th year of this rally now. Yet this is the trouble with permabears: If for 8 years I'm predicting a huge sell off and for 3 years there is one and 5 years the market goes up does this make me a seer?
If you remain bearish long enough you'll be right. Note, though that while it's plausible we'll see the market taper off at some point that doesn't mean we're going to retest the 2009 lows. I personally see that as very unlikely. If you believe that you basically believe that the whole system very well may collapse any day now. Things have improved a lot however, at least in our United States.
The only way I could see us going back to the crisis of 2009 is if maybe the EU not only never gets it's act together but drags the U.S. down with it. Actually, it's an interesting question? Are we now living in a bifurcated world? For me to be right about the U.S. means that we are: ie, the U.S. can continue to grow and strengthen while the EU is a basket case-there are some signs of improvement even there though there is a long way to go.
As I suggested, it seems to me that heterodox econ guys tend to have bearish views. Woj is an interesting amalgamation of MMT and Austrian Business Cycle Theory-ABCT. He clearly remains very bearish. He also, by the way has a very good piece about inequality and to the extent that it's retarding the recovery-an important read.
http://bubblesandbusts.blogspot.com/2013/02/inequality-really-is-holding-back.html
My theory is that part of it is that if you have heterodox economic views and you think that economics must be fixed you on some subconscious level almost don't welcome good news as it would seem to take away the impetus to the kind of change you think is necessary.
The stock market itself, however, keeps pointing up. Today it's again hitting up against 14000. If it goes over that I think you would have to consider that another very bullish indicator-provided it can stay above it.
Yes, if you wanted to play bearish you could look at the Vix which is now, amazingly, beneath 13. Still there is a history of the volatitlity staying low over a long haul like during the bullish years of 2003-2007. To me it seems reasonable at least if someone wants to try to put a few short positions now with the Vix that low-though I wouldn't as I don't know that its going to sell of now.
However, it would be a short term correction. In the longer term I see things as bullish for now. While Woj is right that most bull markets don't go beyond 4 years, the economy is currently far from overheated or lacking in economic slack.
I think the best gauge is the economy to whether or not the market is overheated. The economy isn't, so the market isn't. There will be some sell offs here and there as it never goes straight up. However, the general direction is up. If you disagree then you believe we're going back to the level of economic crisis we had in 2009. As I don't see it I don't see us retesting the lows. Don't get me wrong. We will at some point have another bear market as the economy will one day hit the top again. However right now we're pretty remote from being overheated.
I see in Cullen Roche I finally have a kindred spirit: he too doesn't think the permabears are right:
"When I started this website I knew pretty quickly what would generate traffic and attention. If you write about things that really scare people, conspiracy theories, Apple and gold you can drive enough traffic to a financial website to make a decent living (until people realize you’re basically scamming them). I told myself I’d choose quality over quantity and that I would TRY, above all else, to provide relevant, educational and ACCURATE information for people. I knew it wouldn’t be enough to make the site sustain itself, but I truly felt that the alternative was a dishonest and low value way to write about finance, money and investing. I don’t always succeed in this goal, but I always try."
"One of the few things I’ve been right about is the “no recession” call since many notable investors and pundits began loudly declaring recession in late 2011. I said none of the indicators were pointing to renewed recession and that the likelihood was for continued meager growth within the de-leveraging cycle. In essence, misunderstanding the balance sheet recession was deadly for your portfolio and your general understanding of macro trends."
"Now, I know I don’t make many friends writing happy things about the economy, but the bottom line is that the global economy could be much worse, policy makers could be wrecking the economy and American businesses could be far worse off than they are. We’re in this world where things are adequate enough to remain positive. All things considered, that’s pretty positive since we’re coming out of the worst and most unusual economic crisis of the last 80 years. This morning’s economic data was just further confirmation of this reality. Here are three clear indications that the recession calls were completely wrong and are likely to remain wrong for the foreseeable future."
http://pragcap.com/the-recession-calls-were-wrong
His reasons are: Jobless claims are at a post-recession low, the US PMI continues to show a clear expansionary trend, and The Orcam Recession Index, which helps steer me to my main conclusion regarding growth, remains positive.
He also has a great piece about how rail traffic points to economic growth.
http://pragcap.com/rail-traffic-continues-to-point-to-economic-growth
Above I suggested that maybe heterodox econ guys tend to be congenitally bearish as they
A). Believe that all the wrong things are being done by policymakers.
B). On some level perhaps don't want to accept that things are getting better as it might seem to diminish the importance of their heterodox ideas.
I think it's a mistake. I'm fairly bullish about the US economy and market right now but I also realize we have a long way to go in our macroeconomic understanding. A lot is still to be learned. We can still do it even if the world is not about to implode within the month.
Cullen also has a fascinating piece entitled "Why do people hate rising stock prices?"
http://pragcap.com/why-do-people-hate-rising-stock-prices
One reason he gives that is right is that most people don't participate in the gains. However, that's far from the whole thing. While I have picked on "heterodox econ guys" here, I notice that a sense of apocalyptic bearishness is everywhere. Many of those interviewed on CNBC see a coming "debt bomb", "galloping inflation" and the Kingdom of Heaven close to hand. Guess you better buy gold!
Actually it might not be a bad idea though not because of the fears of the gold bug but simply because it's been a rising commodity.
For the record I'm not a permabull in that I was bearish back in 2008. Indeed, in the Summer of 2008 when all the Wall St. guys were predicitng that we would whether the storm, I was stocking up in bank stock puts. Made over $10,000 the last few months of 2008. Of course, I ended up overextending myself. The point is though: I wasn't always a bull.
P.S. the Sumner EMH crowd would say that I was for a short time ahead of the market and noticed an inefficiency in it that I was able to exploit. However, my later implosion showed that the market caught up with me. The moral for them would be that you "can't beat the market." I'm not wholly convinced but here's Sumner's latest on EMH where he declares victory because Warren Buffett only saw his returns because of his great credit and sub average interest rates paid over 30 years.
http://www.themoneyillusion.com/?p=19209
Permabear, huh. Can't say I'm surprised to get that title given the general outlook on my blog. Too bad I didn't start blogging earlier to have records of early 2009 when I was actually increasingly bullish. Ultimately I started reversing that position in mid-2010 and have certainly missed a decent portion of the recent upside.
ReplyDeleteIt's funny because I actually don't disagree with Cullen and have not been especially bearish on the economy. Unlike the bulls, CBers and politicians, I've generally expected economic growth to be in the 1-2% range instead of 3-4%. My ongoing claim is that we should not expect similar 6-8% returns and ~15 P/E ratios in a world where NGDP (i.e. revenues) grow at 3-4% instead of ~6%.
Assuming the stock returns are uncorrelated, over the long-run, with NGDP is equivalent to saying earnings are uncorrelated with revenues. It may be true, but that would completely undermine the EMH and, IMO, suggest something terribly strange about accounting practices.
Regarding accounting practices, I should also point out that numerous companies took massive write offs against future expected losses in 2008. This had the effect of depressing earnings that year while making reported earnings in future years appear much higher than was actually the case. Freeport-McMoran (FCX) is probably a good example, but I need to do more digging. (As far as I know the practice is legal, just deceptive. Since it raises stock prices, why would anyone complain?)
Last point on this, for now, I'm surprised nobody has pointed out that MMers were jubilant over QE3 and QE4, touting the stock market rally as proof the Fed's policies were working to stimulate NGDP. Now we learn that stocks rose several percent in the 4th quarter while NGDP was a measly 0.5%. If MMers are correct about the relationship between stocks and NGDP, markets should have tanked given the severe economic weakness. I'm still waiting for an explanation from Sumner or others about why they were wrong?
Actually Sumner said he doesn't believe the 0.5% number-he said wait for NGDI which will be much higer.
ReplyDelete"The government measures GDP in two different ways; GDP and GDI. The Gross Domestic Income measure is generally regarded as the most accurate, but unfortunately the complete data comes out one month after the flash estimate of GDP. Hence the press tends to report the GDP numbers.Fortunately, the BEA does report most of the GDI data at the same time as GDP. Today’s report shows the reported part of NGDI rising from $13,430.2 bill in Q3 to $13,569.5 billion in Q4. About 4.1% at an annual rate. The same 4% track we’ve been stuck in since mid-2009. When the missing data is reported (interest and corporate earnings) the number will be revised, but is still likely to be much higher than the 0.5% reported growth in NGDP during Q4. That number made no sense in light of the steady job growth in Q3 and Q4."
http://diaryofarepublicanhater.blogspot.com/2013/02/the-division-between-economists-and.html
Oh I'm well aware of that response by Sumner. Someone should remind him that he's been pushing NGDP-targeting for several years. Read that again, NGDP=targeting...not NGDI-targeting or whatever variable is most appropriate at the time. Thankfully Marcus Nunes (another notable MM) called him out on the switch.
ReplyDeleteSee I didn't think his point was so bad in this case: it's true that job growth suggested a much higher number and that the current numbers will be revised anyway, no?
ReplyDeleteIt's not obvious that job growth and NGDP are especially correlated. There have clearly been times throughout history where much higher NGDP growth was associated with rising unemployment. An NGDP targeting monetary policy should be completely indifferent to the unemployment level.
DeleteAs for the current numbers, they will likely be revised higher but not by too much. The real GDP estimate would have been much worse if the GDP deflator was even remotely close to other measures of inflation (CPI and PCE). Even if NGDP is revised higher to 1%, that is still 4% off Sumner's target and well below the previous quarter despite the Fed's double expansion of QE.
"The real GDP estimate would have been much worse if the GDP deflator was even remotely close to other measures of inflation (CPI and PCE)."
ReplyDeleteWoj let me show my ignorance and ask why that is. I always hear about the GDP deflator but don't know how it works exactly.
I'm not sure ignorance is the correct term when the system appears to be intentionally confusing. Anyways, I'm not sure of the specifics but suffice to say the BEA calculates the GDP deflator, which is separate from the BEA's PCE deflator and the BLS' CPI.
DeleteDoug Short does a great job showing how the various measures would have altered real GDP over time (http://advisorperspectives.com/dshort/updates/GDP-Deflators.php). Unsurprisingly, using the GDP deflator provides the highest mean since 1960 and over the last 10 years. There are also links at the bottom to the Fed charts for each.